OpenEHR elements
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The openEHR architecture differs from the traditional EHR architecture. Data are separated from applications to an openEHR clinical data repository (CDR). All modules are utilizing the same CDR through standard APIs. The CDR content follows the standard openEHR data model. Demographic data are separated from clinical data. The elements of the openEHR architecture can be divided as follows:
1. Health and social care applications
2. Open platform
3. Process and decision support tools
4. Clinical Knowledge Manager (CKM) and modelling tools
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Health and social care applications
EHR (EHR = Electronic Health Record) solutions can have a broad spectrum of functionalities and may have been developed to cover all the necessary functionalities for a family doctor, for primary care, for secondary care or for tertiary care. The openEHR approach allows the EHR to be split into functional modules from various vendors interacting with each other through a shared data repository. The architecture also supports the use of specialized modules such as modules developed to serve a medical specialty, modules to support medication management or modules for a specific treatment or illness. This approach also supports agile development of functional modules by clinicians themselves. All modules are using the same clinical data repository through standard APIs.
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Open Platform
Open platforms are meant for storing, managing, searching and exchanging social and health care data. The openEHR-based clinical data repository (CDR) is the key part of an open platform. There are also shared services on the platform to support functional modules/applications built on top of the platform. The applications interact with the platform using open standard APIs. Open platforms usually include low code tools for developing applications in the openEHR environment.
There are both open source and commercial platforms in the market.
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Process and decision support tools
Process (pathway) and decision support tools are used for supporting social and health care processes. Care pathways can be modelled and managed and they can be cross-organizational. Furthermore, decision support can be included in the correct places of the pathway. The goal is to create a care plan with specific activities and to manage the related care pathway.
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